How it works
Examples include Bitcoin, Ethereum and other networks with independent validator or miner sets. Applications and tokens rely on the base layer's security model.
What to check
Compare consensus, throughput, finality, validator concentration and developer tooling rather than using transactions-per-second alone.
- Compare consensus and finality
- Check validator requirements
- Avoid single-metric comparisons
Limits and risks
Higher throughput can involve trade-offs in hardware requirements, decentralization or state growth. Network design should be evaluated across several dimensions.
Primary sources
Bitcoin Developer Reference↗Ethereum developer documentation↗FATF: Virtual Assets↗General information only. Investment products can lose value, and terms, fees and regulation can change.